Coronavirus on Surfaces: What You Should Know


April 1, 2020 — Many emergency room workers remove their clothes as soon as they get home — some before they even enter. Does that mean you should worry about COVID-19 transmission from your own clothing, towels, and other textiles?

While researchers found that the virus can remain on some surfaces for up to 72 hours, the study didn’t include fabric. “So far, evidence suggests that it’s harder to catch the virus from a soft surface (such as fabric) than it is from frequently touched hard surfaces like elevator buttons or door handles,” wrote Lisa Maragakis, MD, senior director of infection prevention at the Johns Hopkins Health System.

for the complete article:  webmd.com/lung/news/20200401

It is an incredible eye-opening article

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on this day … 4/12 1864 – Confederate Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest captured Fort Pillow, in Tennessee and slaughters the black Union troops there.


1096 – Peter the Hermit gathered his army in Cologne.

1204 – The Fourth Crusade sacked Constantinople.

1606 – England adopted the original Union Jack as its flag.

1770 – The British Parliament repealed the Townsend Acts.

1782 – The British navy won its only naval engagement against the colonists in the American Revolution at the Battle of Saints, off Dominica.

1799 – Phineas Pratt patented the comb cutting machine.

1811 – The first colonists arrived at Cape Disappointment, Washington.

1833 – Charles Gaylor patented the fireproof safe.

1861 – Fort Sumter was shelled by the Confederacy, starting America’s Civil War.

1864 – Confederate Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest captured Fort Pillow, in Tennessee and slaughters the black Union troops there.

1877 – A catcher’s mask was used in a baseball game for the first time by James Alexander Tyng.

1892 – Voters in Lockport, New York, became the first in the U.S. to use voting machines.

1905 – The Hippodrome opened in New York City.

1911 – Pierre Prier completed the first non-stop London-Paris flight in three hours and 56 minutes.

1916 – American cavalrymen and Mexican bandit troops clashed at Parrel, Mexico.

1927 – The British Cabinet came out in favor of women voting rights.

1934 – F. Scott Fitzgerald novel “Tender Is the Night” was first published.

1938 – The first U.S. law requiring a medical test for a marriage license was enacted in New York.

1944 – The U.S. Twentieth Air Force was activated to begin the strategic bombing of Japan.

1945 – In New York, the organization of the first eye bank, the Eye Bank for Sight Restoration, was announced.

1945 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt died in Warm Spring, GA. He died of a cerebral hemorrhage at the age of 63. Harry S Truman became president.

1955 – The University of Michigan Polio Vaccine Evaluation Center announced that the polio vaccine of Dr. Jonas Salk was “safe, effective and potent.”

1961 – Soviet Yuri Alexeyevich Gagarin became first man to orbit the Earth.

1963 – Police used dogs and cattle prods on peaceful civil rights demonstrators in Birmingham, AL.

1969 – Lucy and Snoopy of the comic strip “Peanuts” made the cover of “Saturday Review.”

1981 – The space shuttle Columbia blasted off from Cape Canaveral, FL, on its first test flight.

1982 – The British Navy began enforcing a blockade around the Falkland Islands.

1982 – Three CBS employees were shot to death in a New York City parking lot.

1983 – Harold Washington was elected the first black mayor of Chicago.

1984 – Astronauts aboard the space shuttle Challenger made the first satellite repair in orbit by returning the Solar Max satellite to space.

1984 – Israeli troops stormed a bus that had been hijacked the previous evening by four Arab terrorists. All the passengers were rescued and 2 of the hijackers were killed.

1985 – U.S. Senator Jake Garn of Utah became the first senator to fly in space as the shuttle Discovery lifted off from Cape Canaveral, FL.

1985 – In Spain, an explosion in a restaurant near a U.S. base killed 17 people.

1985 – Federal inspectors declared that four animals of the Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Circus were not unicorns. They were goats with horns that had been surgically implanted.

1987 – Texaco filed Chapter 11 bankruptcy after it failed to settle a legal dispute with Pennzoil Co.

1988 – Harvard University won a patent for a genetically altered mouse. It was the first patent for a life form.

1988 – The Chinese government named a new array of younger leaders to ensure economic reform.

1989 – In the U.S.S.R, ration cards were issued for the first time since World War II. The ration was prompted by a sugar shortage.

1992 – Disneyland Paris opened in Marne-La-Vallee, France.

1993 – NATO began enforcing a no-fly zone over Bosnia and Herzegovina.

2000 – More than 1,500 anti-drug agents raided four cities in Colombia and arrested 46 members of the “most powerful” heroin ring.

2000 – Robert Cleaves, 71, was convicted of second degree murder and was sentenced to 16 years in prison. Cleaves had repeatedly run over Arnold Guerreiro on September 30, 1998 with his car after the two had an argument.

2000 – Israel’s High Court ordered the release of eight Lebanese detainees that had been held for years without a trial.

2002 – A first edition version of Beatrix Potter’s “Peter Rabbit” sold for $64,780 at Sotheby’s. A signed first edition of J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Hobbit” sold for $66,630. A copy of “Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone,” signed by J.K. Rowling sold for $16,660. A 250-piece collection of rare works by Charles Dickens sold for $512,650.

2002 – It was announced that the South African version of “Sesame Street” would be introducing a character that was HIV-positive.

2002 – JCPenney Chairman Allen Questrom rang the opening bell to start the business day at the New York Stock Exchange as part of the company’s centennial celebrations. James Cash (J.C.) Penney opened his first retail store on April 14, 1902.

2012 – The game Candy Crush Saga was released on Facebook.

Chopped and Screwed


The saying “drop it lower than chopped and screwed”  is associated with a genre of hip-hop music known as chopped and screwed

For millions of listeners, BTS was the first time they heard anything resembling chopped & screwed — and they didn’t even know it. Reintroduced a regional Black Southern hip‑hop technique to a worldwide audience

Used it in high‑budget, cinematic production

Made it feel modern instead of nostalgic

Connected Houston’s legacy to K‑pop’s global reach. That’s a huge cultural loop.

This technique involves slowing down the tempo of a song to create a hypnotic, drawn-out rhythmic foundation, often emphasizing lyrics and storytelling. It was pioneered by DJ Screw in Houston, who passed in 2000, but the style stayed and became a staple in the hip-hop scene. 

The style is characterized by its slow, deep basslines and the manipulation of audio playback, creating a unique sound that resonates with Southern hip-hop culture.

BTS is not doing it in the traditional DJ Screw way — no full 60 BPM slowdown or heavy chopping — but they’re clearly borrowing the aesthetic:

  • Slowed vocals
  • Lowered pitch
  • Echoing repeats
  • Dragged‑out transitions

For a lot of younger listeners, BTS was the first time they heard anything resembling chopped and screwed.

In Houston: a whole culture

Chopped & screwed everywhere —

  • mixtapes
  • car culture
  • local radio
  • DJ Screw’s legacy
  • the Screwed Up Click

If you were in Houston, it wasn’t a trend; it was daily life.

Thank you DJ Screw

on this day 4/11


1512 – The forces of the Holy League were heavily defeated by the French at the Battle of Ravenna.

1689 – William III and Mary II were crowned as joint sovereigns of Britain.

1713 – The Treaty of Utrecht was signed, ending the War of Spanish Succession.

1783 – After receiving a copy of the provisional treaty on March 13, the U.S. Congress proclaimed a formal end to hostilities with Great Britain.

1803 – A twin-screw propeller steamboat was patented by John Stevens.

1814 – Napoleon was forced to abdicate his throne. The allied European nations had marched into Paris on March 30, 1814. He was banished to the island of Elba.

1876 – The stenotype was patented by John C. Zachos.

1876 – The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks was organized.

1895 – Anaheim, CA, completed its new electric light system.

1898 – U.S. President William McKinley asked Congress for a declaration of war with Spain.

1899 – The treaty ending the Spanish-American War was declared in effect.

1921 – Iowa became the first state to impose a cigarette tax.

1921 – The first live sports event on radio took place this day on KDKA Radio. The event was a boxing match between Johnny Ray and Johnny Dundee.

1901 – Construction on the Empire State Building was completed. The building was dedicated and opened on May 1, 1931.

1940 – Andrew Ponzi set a world’s record in a New York pocket billiards tournament when he ran 127 balls straight.

1941 – Germany bombers blitzed Conventry, England.

1945 – U.S. troops reached the Elbe River in Germany.

1945 – During World War II, American soldiers liberated the Nazi concentration camp of Buchenwald in Germany.

1947 – Jackie Robinson became the first black player in major-league history. He played in an exhibition game for the Brooklyn Dodgers.

1951 – U.S. President Truman fired General Douglas MacArthur as head of United Nations forces in Korea.

1961 – Israel began the trial of Adolf Eichman, accused of World War II war crimes.

1968 – U.S. President Johnson signed the 1968 Civil Rights Act.

1970 – Apollo 13 blasted off on a mission to the moon that was disrupted when an explosion crippled the spacecraft. The astronauts did return safely.

1974 – The Judiciary committee subpoenas U.S. President Richard Nixon to produce tapes for impeachment inquiry.

1979 – Idi Amin was deposed as president of Uganda as rebels and exiles backed by Tanzanian forces seized control.

1980 – The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission issued regulations specifically prohibiting sexual harassment of workers by supervisors.

1981 – U.S. President Ronald Reagan returned to the White House from the hospital after recovering from an assassination attempt on March 30.

1981 – In the Brixton area of London, a race riot erupted that resulted in the injury of more than 300 people.

1984 – China invaded Vietnam.

1984 – General Secretary Konstantin U. Cherenkov was named president of the Soviet Union.

1985 – Scientists in Hawaii measured the distance between the earth and moon within one inch.

1985 – The White House announced that President Reagan would visit the Nazi cemetery at Bitburg.

1986 – Dodge Morgan sailed solo nonstop around the world in 150 days.

1986 – In Groton, CT, the submarine Nautilus exhibit opened to the public.

1986 – Kellogg’s stopped giving tours of its breakfast-food plant. The reason for the end of the 80-year tradition was said to be that company secrets were at risk due to spies from other cereal companies.

1991 – U.N. Security Council issued a formal cease-fire with Iraq.

1996 – Forty-three African nations signed the African Nuclear Weapons Free Zone Treaty.

1996 – Seven-year-old Jessica Dubroff was killed with her father and flight instructor when her plane crashed after takeoff from Cheyenne, Wyoming. Jessica had hoped to become the youngest person to fly cross-country.

1998 – Northern Ireland’s biggest political party, the Ulster Unionists, announced its backing of the historic peace deal.

1999 – Daouda Malam Wanke was designated president of Niger. President Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara had been assassinated on April 9.

2001 – China agreed to release 24 crewmembers of a U.S. surveillance plane. The EP-3E Navy crew had been held since April 1 on Hainon, where the plane had made an emergency landing after an in-flight collision with a Chinese fighter jet. The Chinese pilot was missing and presumed dead.

2007 – Apple announced that the iTunes Store had sold more than two million movies.

1968 – U.S. President Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act.


Civil Rights Act of 1968

The Civil Rights Act of 1968, (Pub.L. 90–284, 82 Stat. 73, enacted April 11, 1968), is a landmark part of legislation in the United States that provided for equal housing opportunities regardless of race, religion, or national origin and made it a federal crime to “by force or by threat of force, injure, intimidate, or interfere with anyone … by reason of their race, color, religion, or national origin, handicap or familial status.” The Act was signed into law during the King assassination riots by President Lyndon B. Johnson, who had previously signed the Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act into law.
Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 is commonly known as the Fair Housing Act and was meant as a follow‑up to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. While the Civil Rights Act of 1866 prohibited discrimination in housing, there were no federal enforcement provisions. The 1968 act expanded on previous acts and prohibited discrimination concerning the sale, rental, and financing of housing based on race, religion, national origin, and since 1974, gender; since 1988, the act protects people with disabilities and families with children.
Victims of discrimination may use both the 1968 act and the 1866 act via section 1983 to seek redress. The 1968 act provides for federal solutions while the 1866 act provides for private solutions (i.e., civil suits).
Titles II through VII comprised the Indian Civil Rights Act of 1968, which applies to the Native American tribes of the United States and makes many, but not all, of the guarantees of the Bill of Rights applicable within the tribes (that Act appears today in Title 25, sections 1301 to 1303 of the United States Code).
A rider attached to the bill makes it a felony to “travel in interstate commerce…with the intent to incite, promote, encourage, participate in and carry on a riot”. This provision has been criticized for “equating …

Resource: wiki … let me know if the info is inaccurate

on this day … 4/1 2010 -1953 – The U.S. Congress created the Department of Health Education and Welfare. The U.S. Congress cut Medicare reimbursements to physicians by 21%.



0527 – Justinianus became the emperor of Byzantium.

1572 – The Sea Beggars under Guillaume de la Marck landed in Holland and captured the small town of Briel.

1578 – William Harvey of England discovered blood circulation.

1621 – The Plymouth, MA, colonists created the first treaty with Native Americans.

1724 – Jonathan Swift published Drapier’s letters.

1748 – The ruins of Pompeii were found.

1778 – Oliver Pollock, a New Orleans businessman, created the “$” symbol.

1789 – The U.S. House of Representatives held its first full meeting in New York City. Frederick Muhlenberg of Pennsylvania was elected the first House Speaker.

1793 – In Japan, the volcano Unsen erupted killing about 53,000.

1826 – Samuel Mory patented the internal combustion engine.

1853 – Cincinnati became the first U.S. city to pay fire fighters a regular salary.

1863 – The first wartime conscription law went into effect in the U.S.

1864 – The first travel accident policy was issued to James Batterson by the Travelers Insurance Company.

1865 – At the Battle of Five Forks in Petersburg, VA, Gen. Robert E. Lee began his final offensive.

1867 – Blacks voted in the municipal election in Tuscumbia, AL.

1867 – The International Exhibition opened in Paris.

1867 – Singapore, Penang & Malakka became British crown colonies.

1868 – In Virginia, The Hampton Institute was established.

1872 – The first edition of “The Standard” was published.

1873 – The British White Star steamship Atlantic sank off Nova Scotia killing 547.

1873 – Mehmed Kemals play “Vatan” premiered in Constantinople.

1881 – Anti-Jewish riots took place in Jerusalem.

1881 – Kingdom post office in Netherlands opened.

1889 – The first dishwashing machine was marketed (in Chicago).

1891 – The London-Paris telephone connection opened.

1891 – The William Wrigley Jr. Company was founded in Chicago, IL. The company is most known for its Juicy Fruit gum.

1905 – The British East African Protectorate became the colony of Kenya.

1905 – Paris and Berlin were linked by telephone.

1916 – The first U.S. national women’s swimming championships were held.

1918 – England’s Royal Flying Corps was replaced by the Royal Air Force.

1924 – Adolf Hitler was sentenced to five years in prison for high treason in relation to the “Beer Hall Putsch.”

1924 – Imperial Airways was formed in Britain.

1927 – The first automatic record changer was introduced by His Master’s Voice.

1928 – China’s Chiang Kai-shek began attacking communists.

1929 – Louie Marx introduced the Yo-Yo.

1930 – Leo Hartnett of the Chicago Cubs broke the altitude record for a catch by catching a baseball dropped from the Goodyear blimp 800 feet over Los Angeles, CA.

1931 – An Earthquake devastated Managua Nicaragua killing 2,000.

1931 – Jackie Mitchell became the first female in professional baseball when she signed with the Chattanooga Baseball Club.

1933 – Nazi Germany began the persecution of Jews by boycotting Jewish businesses.

1935 – The first radio tube to be made of metal was announced.

1937 – Aden became a British colony.

1938 – The first commercially successful fluorescent lamps were introduced.

1938 – The Baseball Hall of Fame opened in Cooperstown, NY.

1939 – The U.S. recognized the Franco government in Spain at end of Spanish civil war.

1941 – The first contract for advertising on a commercial FM radio station began on W71NY in New York City.

1945 – U.S. forces invaded Okinawa during World War II. It was the last campaign of World War II.

1946 – Weight Watchers was formed.

1946 – A tidal wave (tsunami) struck the Hawaiian Islands killing more than 170 people.

1948 – The Berlin Airlift began.

1949 – “Happy Pappy” premiered. It was the first all-black-cast variety show.

1950 – Italian Somalia became a United Nations trust territory under Italian administration.

1952 – The Big Bang theory was proposed in “Physical Review” by Alpher, Bethe & Gamow.

1953 – The U.S. Congress created the Department of Health Education and Welfare.

1954 – The U.S. Air Force Academy was formed in Colorado.

1955 – “One Man’s Family” was seen on TV for the final time after a six-year run on NBC-TV.

1960 – France exploded 2 atom bombs in the Sahara Desert.

1960 – The U.S. launched TIROS-1. It was the first weather satellite.

1963 – Workers of the International Typographical Union ended their strike that had closed nine New York City newspapers. The strike ended 114 days after it began on December 8, 1962.

1963 – The Soap operas “General Hospital” and “Doctors” premiered on television.

1970 – The U.S. Army charged Captain Ernest Medina in the My Lai massacre.

1970 – U.S. President Nixon signed the bill, the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act, that banned cigarette advertisements to be effective on January 1, 1971.

1971 – The United Kingdom lifted all restrictions on gold ownership.

1972 – North Vietnamese and Viet Cong troops renewed their offensive in South Vietnam.

1973 – Japan allowed its citizens to own gold.

1976 – Apple Computer began operations.

1979 – Iran was proclaimed to be an Islamic Republic by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini after the fall of the Shah.

1980 – A failed assassination attempt against Iraqi vice-premier Tariq Aziz occurred.

1982 – The U.S. transferred the Canal Zone to Panama.

1983 – New York Islander Mike Bossy became the first National Hockey League (NHL) player to score 60 goals in 3 consecutive seasons.

1985 – World oil prices dropped below $10 a barrel.

1986 – The U.S. submarine Nathaniel Green ran aground in the Irish Sea.

1987 – Steve Newman became the first man to walk around the world. The walk was 22,000 miles and took 4 years.

1987 – U.S. President Reagan told doctors in Philadelphia, “We’ve declared AIDS public health enemy No. 1.”

1991 – Iran released British hostage Roger Cooper after 5 years.

1991 – The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that jurors could not be barred from serving due to their race.

1991 – The Warsaw Pact was officially dissolved.

1992 – Players began the first strike in the 75-year history of the National Hockey League (NHL).

1996 – U.S. President Bill Clinton threw out the first ball preceding a game between the Kansas City Royals and the Baltimore Orioles.

1997 – David Carradine received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

1998 – A federal judge dismissed the Paula Jones’ sexual harassment lawsuit against U.S. President Clinton saying that the claims fell “far short” of being worthy of a trial.

1999 – In Zhytomyr, Ukraine, Anatoliy Onoprienko was sentenced to death for the deaths of 52 men, women and children. 43 of the killings occurred in a 6-month period.

1999 – The Canadian territory of Nunavut was created. It was carved from the eastern part of the Northwest Territories and covered about 772,000 square miles.

2001 – China began holding 24 crewmembers of a U.S. surveillance plane. The EP-3E U.S. Navy crew had made an emergency landing after an in-flight collision with a Chinese fighter jet. The Chinese pilot was missing and presumed dead. The U.S. crew was released on April 11, 2001.

2001 – Former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic was arrested on corruption charges after a 26-hour standoff with the police at his Belgrade villa.

2003 – North Korea test-fired an anti-ship missile off its west coast.

2003 – Jason Mewes was ordered to complete drug rehabilitation or face five years in jail stemming from a drug conviction in 1999.

2004 – U.S. President George W. Bush signed the Unborn Victims of Violence Act. The bill made it a crime to harm a fetus during an assault on a pregnant woman.

2004 – Gateway Inc. announced that it would be closing all of its 188 stores on April 9.

2009 – Albania and Croatia joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).

2010 – The U.S. Congress cut Medicare reimbursements to physicians by 21%.

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